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The main objective of laboratory courses in chemical engineering is to familiarize undergraduate students with the theory that they learn during their course and to verify the consistency of experimental results with those of the theory. Laboratory practice plays an important role in chemical engineering curricula. Due to this, there is a need to expose undergraduates (UGs) to experiments that explain important concepts. Although a large number of experiments are available in chemical engineering literature, they are scattered and there is a need to collect them in one book; hence I have undertaken the task of writing a book on a laboratory course in chemical engineering. Generally, about three hours is allotted for an experiment in the laboratory, hence the aim of the present book is to give experiments that can be performed within three hours.
An important aspect of laboratory courses in chemical engineering is the cost of the experiments. The cost of an experiment consists of two components, namely the fixed cost and the running cost. In all experiments, discussed in this book care has been taken to minimize these costs. The development of cost-effective laboratory teaching tools is an imperative task in all institutions of higher education, particularly in the light of recent cost-cutting initiatives. Therefore, throughout the book emphasis is laid on low-cost experiments. In addition to cost minimization, an attempt has been made to give the maximum information on the experiments chosen along with the possible systems that can be used for the laboratory experimentation. In this book, I have selected various experiments from core chemicals engineering subjects such as unit operation, reaction engineering, and process control. Unit operations include momentum transfer operations, heat transfer operations, mass transfer operations and mechanical operations. The book has been prepared essentially for students and junior faculty members of various newly established colleges, where there may be a need for experimental details for instruction.
All experiments are broadly discussed under eight subtitles. Overall details are as follows. The first subtitle introduces the aim of the experiment, the second subtitle gives an introduction to the experiment, the third subtitle discusses the theory related to that particular experiment, the fourth subtitle describes the experimental set-up, the fifth subtitle explains the experimental procedure, the sixth subtitle presents the calculations required in the experiment along with possible systems, the seventh subtitle represents the results and the eighth subtitle gives references related to the experiments.
The experimental apparatus discussed in this book is made out of materials such as glass and stainless steel (SS). These experiments use simple auxiliary devices such as thermometers, digital balances, measuring devices such as measuring cylinders, separating funnels, digital watches, tap connectors, plastic tubes, conductivity meters etc.
Further viva voice questions along with the answers are also included in the last section.
Measurement of Viscosity using an Ostwald Viscometer
Measurement of Viscosity by the Falling Ball Method
Laminar Flow Apparatus to Establish a Relation between the Friction Factor (f) and the Reynolds Number, (Re)
Flow Curve Determination for Non-Newtonian fluids
Measuring and Correlating the Drag Coefficients of Falling Particles
Transient Response of a Stirred Vessel
Natural Convection – I
Natural Convection – II
Natural Convection – III
Natural Convection – IV
The Study of Heat Transfer in an Agitated Vessel – Effect of Dilution
Diffusion of an Organic Liquid in Air
Surface Evaporation
Estimation of Solid-Liquid Mass Transfer Parameters
Studies on Naphthalene Sublimation - I
Studies on Naphthalene Sublimation - II
Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium
Differential Distillation
Steam Distillation-I
Steam Distillation-II
Distillation at Total Reflux in a Packed Column
Ternary Equilibria
Cross Current Extraction
Batch Adsorption Studies
Screen Effectiveness Beaker Decantation
Particle Size Determination
Washing Coal by the Float and Sink Method
Batch Sedimentation
Drop Weight Crusher
Transient Response of a Thermometer
Transient Response of a Stirred Vessel and Estimation of the Time Constant
Transient Response of a U-tube Manometer
Calibration of a Thermo Couple
RTD Studies in a Laminar Flow Reactor
Viva Voice Questions
Dr. Garlapati Chandrasekhar, Professor & HOD, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College, Pondicherry, India, obtained his B.Tech in Chemical Engineering from Andhra University College of Engineering, Andhra University in 1996, his M.Tech at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi in the year 1998 and PhD at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore in the year 2010. He worked in R.V.R & JC College of Engineering between 1998 -1999, and subsequently joined Pondicherry Engineering College (PEC) in the year 1999, where he has taught mass transfer, chemical thermodynamics, transport phenomena and mechanical operatons, and handled unit operations laboratories for nearly 16 years. He has published more than 25 research papers in reputed journals. He has also published a book entitled “Unit Operations in Chemical Engineering: Theory and Problems” with Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt. Ltd., in 2005.
The book is intended for students, professionals and academicians in the Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Biochemical Engineering, Biotechnology, Food Engineering, Petrochemical Engineering, Polymeric and Pharmaceutical Engineering streams.